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Like the high - schooling prom fag , some female Asiatic elephant have tumid societal networks , while others are like the wallflower , more marooned , and sticking to a small-scale group of close companions , grant to a new study that also ascertain some fickle individuals frequently swapped out their top five friends .
Until now , scientists had considered Asian elephants as staying within random small , isolated groups .
A herd of Asian elephants in Malaysia’s Taman Negara National Park.
" When you go on a day - to - day basis in the domain , you observe relatively little groups of these elephants . Any one [ animate being ] can be see with any number of individuals . If you do n’t observe over time , you will think that the association are very curtly - experience or even random , " cogitation researcher Sergey Kryazhimskiy , of Harvard University , say . " If you observe them long enough , months or even years , individuals relate preferentially with some somebody . "
The societal web of the population as a whole seems to beconsistent across seasons , which is different than the approach pattern come across in the better - meditate African elephants where large universe changes are observed .
elephant in the park
sketch researcher Shermin de Silva , of the University of Pennsylvania , pile up the data over two year with the help of a team at the Uda Walawe National Park in Sri Lanka . Whenever they total across a group of elephant , they noted which soul it contained .
At the end of their tracking full point , Kryazhimskiy analyzed the data from any animal they had at least 30 sightings of ( 51 individual elephants ) . Because male Asian elephants take solitary lifestyles , the investigator pore on females .
They looked at several levels of organization : the dyad ( a pair of elephants ) , the ego - internet ( the individuals any one elephant is connected to ) , and the population as a whole . They learn that some of the more gregarious elephants had many companions , though the relationship were stronger in those with fewer fellow . About 16 per centum of the elephantschanged their top five companionsover the course of the field .
Fighting for water
The researcher find that the number of comrade each individual had ( ego - web tier ) topped out at around 20 , Kryazhimskiy said , and these numbers peaked during the dry season . This is most potential a mechanism todeal with decreased resources , specifically water , which each group would require to defend from other chemical group , though they did n’t study this specifically .
" In the wet season the resource are much more abundant , and there is no need to form these groups , so the individuals propagate out if there is no sort of intrinsic affinity between individuals , " Kryazhimskiy suggested , refer to those yoke with strong bonds who adhere together even during the resource - abundant wet seasons .
" The written report by de Silva et al . take a shit a significant contribution to our understanding of Asian elephant societal organization , " Prithiviraj Fernando , a researcher from the Center for Conservation and Research in Rajagiriya , Sri Lanka , told LiveScience in an electronic mail . More extensive studies on Asiatic elephants are still needed , Fernando said , though this can be difficult because they exist in scurvy - visibility habitats andavoid the great unwashed .
This study was write July 26 in the diary BMC Ecology .
